Web Monitoring

In Pandora FMS it works as an independent server, similar to the Network server, the WMI server or the remote plugins server. This system operates under the principle of web transaction, where each completed transaction against one or several WEB pages is defined by one or more consecutive steps, which must conclude satisfactorily to consider that the transaction has ended successfully.

The Pandora FMS server must be activated and restarted with:

webserver 1

Depending on the number of requests, you may have to increase the number of threads and the default timeout:

web_threads 1
web_timeout 60

# Use curl or LWP
web_engine curl

To remotely monitor a web page, once the agent is created, click on the top modules tab (Modules). In it, select create Create a new webserver module and press the Create button:

The type of WEB check must be selected:

• Remote HTTP module to check latency: Obtains the total time that passes from the first request until the last one is checked (in a WEB test there are one or several intermediate requests that complete the transaction). If the check definition has defined that the transaction be carried out more than once, the average time of each request will be used.
• Remote HTTP module to check server response: Gets a 1 (OK) or a 0 (CRITICAL) as a result of checking the entire transaction. If there are several attempts but at least one of them fails, the test as a whole is considered to also fail. Precisely, the number of attempts is sometimes used to avoid false positives, to do this use the retries field in advanced fields.
• Remote HTTP module to retrieve numeric data: Obtains a numeric value, parsing the HTTP response using a regular expression to obtain that value.
• Remote HTTP module to retrieve string data: Analogous to the previous point but with a text string.
• Remote HTTP module to check server status code: Through the curl tool duly enabled with the web_engine curl configuration token, HTTP headers can be paid.

Web checks: This essential field defines the WEB check to be performed. This is defined in one or more steps, or simple requests. Checks start with the tag task_begin and end with the tag task_end.

For form checking there are several additional variables:

• resource (1 or 0): Download all resources from the web (images, videos, etc.).
• cookie (1 or 0): Maintains a cookie, or an open session for later checks.
• variable_name: Name of a variable in a form.
• variable_value: Value of the previous variable in the form.

To check the response time or latency of a web page, select the module type Remote HTTP module to check latency. Example:

task_begin
get https://pandorafms.com
task_end

• For the download time to include all resources (JavaScript, CSS, images, etc.), resource 1 must be added in a line before task_end.
• Web checks also support the use of proxy in the Proxy URL token.

A form check is much more complex than simply checking text on a web page. In order to carry out this type of checks, you must have the necessary credentials. Additionally, you need to go to the page and get the HTML code to get the variable names, and then you need to have minimal knowledge of HTML to enter the query for the web server.

To check the server status code of a website, select the type of module Remote HTTP module to check server status code:

task_begin
head https://pandorafms.com
task_end

• It is important to use the head parameter to obtain the status code.
• In server configuration, in section web_engine curl must be typed in.

Some pages may require simple HTTP authentication. It is generally used as a quick check, a minimal security greeting that allows access to more advanced security checks (encryption, data persistence, etc.).

REST type APIs can be monitored, except for more complex types of APIs based on protocols such as SOAP or XMLRPC.

By checking the output with a regular expression, you can verify that everything is correct. Example:

  task_begin
  get https://swapi.dev/api/planets/1/
  get_content Tatooine
  task_end

For more complex responses, other regular expressions and the get_content_advanced token should be used.

With the header option you can modify HTTP header fields or create custom fields. For example, to change the Host field of the HTTP header:

  task_begin
  get http://192.168.1.5/index.php
  header Host 192.168.1.1
  task_end

Web checks can be debugged by adding the debug <log_file> option. Two files log_file.req and log_file.res will be created with the contents of the HTTP request and the response, respectively. For example:

  task_begin
  get http://192.168.1.5/index.php
  debug /tmp/request.log
  task_end

The LWP utility can cause problems when many threads carry out HTTPS requests (due to an OpenSSL limitation). The alternative is to use the curl tool. To solve this problem, edit the file /etc/pandora/pandora_server.conf and add the following line:

web_engine curl

Restart the Pandora FMS server, and the Curl binary will be used to perform web checks instead of LWP.

In addition to the functionality offered by PFMS Web server, there are other ways to perform transactional web monitoring.

• In a distributed manner (UX), deployed in “agent” mode on systems other than the server, even on non-accessible networks.
• Centrally (WUX).

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